Species details

Charcoal burner

Russula cyanoxantha

Traditionally edible
Charcoal burner – Russula cyanoxantha

Photo: Jean-Pol GRANDMONT · CC BY 3.0 · Photo source · License

Description

A variably blue-violet, green, or grey brittlegill with white flexible gills.

Identification features

The gills are unusually flexible for a brittlegill and may feel greasy when rubbed. Cap colour alone is not enough for identification.

Identification checklist

Cap colour is extremely variable: violet, bluish, green, grey, brown, or mixed. Flesh and spore print are white, with no ring or volva. The most useful visible feature is the greasy, flexible gills, which bend under gentle rubbing rather than shattering.

Detailed features

Cap
5–15 cm, highly variable in colour: violet, bluish, greenish or mixed; smooth and somewhat sticky when moist.
Hymenophore
Gills are white, often with a slight bluish sheen; characteristically flexible and tend to bend or smear rather than snap when rubbed.
Stem
4–10 × 1–3 cm, white, solid, sometimes with a faint violet tinge.
Flesh
White, firm, sometimes slowly greying; relatively less brittle than many other brittlegills.
Smell
Mild, without a strong distinctive smell.
Spore print
White.

Size

Cap diameter
5–15 cm
Stem height
4–10 cm
Stem diameter
1–3 cm

Habitat

In deciduous and mixed woodland, especially with beech and oak.

Fruiting period

June, July, August, September, October, November

Ecology

Trophic mode
Mycorrhizal
Host trees
Beech (Fagus), Oak (Quercus)
Substrate
Forest soil
Notes
A mycorrhizal species of deciduous and mixed woodland, often with beech and oak.

Distribution

Notes
A widespread and in many areas common European woodland species.

How to separate similar species

Green-cracking russula often has a cracked, mosaic-like cap surface and more brittle gills. Other green or violet brittlegills may look almost identical; cap colour alone is not reliable.

Similar species

Interesting facts

Did you know? Its flexible, almost greasy-feeling gills are among the most useful field characters of the species.

Extended-description sources