Species details

Shaggy ink cap

Coprinus comatus

Conditional / expert preparation
Shaggy ink cap – Coprinus comatus

Photo: Flocci Nivis · CC BY 4.0 · Photo source · License

Description

A tall white inkcap with shaggy scales that dissolves from the cap margin into black liquid as it matures.

Identification features

The gills change from white to pink and then black. Reliable identification requires a young, fresh, complete specimen.

Identification checklist

The young cap is tall, cylindrical to bell-shaped and white, covered in large recurved shaggy scales; the top is often brownish. Gills change from white to pink and black before dissolving. The white hollow stem has a movable ring.

Detailed features

Cap
When young 5–8 cm high and 2–4 cm wide, ovoid to cylindrical, white with conspicuous shaggy scales; the margin blackens and liquefies as it matures.
Hymenophore
Gills are white at first, then pink, finally black; at maturity they deliquesce together with the cap.
Stem
10–25 × 1–1.5 cm, white, hollow and rather fragile; a thin movable ring is often low on the stem and may fall away.
Flesh
White and tender; in mature fruitbodies the darkening parts rapidly turn into black liquid.
Smell
No strong characteristic smell.
Spore print
Black.

Size

Cap diameter
2–4 cm
Stem height
10–25 cm
Stem diameter
1–1,5 cm

Habitat

On lawns, pathsides, parks, and other nutrient-rich disturbed ground.

Fruiting period

April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November

Ecology

Trophic mode
Saprotrophic
Substrate
Grassland, Disturbed soil
Notes
A saprotroph of nutrient-rich ground; common on lawns, in gardens, along paths and in parks.

Distribution

Notes
Widespread in Europe and also common in human-modified habitats.

How to separate similar species

Common inkcap is grey, nearly smooth, and grows in dense clusters; with alcohol it can cause the coprine reaction. Magpie inkcap has a black cap with large white patches. Use only young, complete specimens for identification.

Similar species

Interesting facts

Did you know? Mature fruitbodies digest themselves into a black liquid, a process called deliquescence.

Extended-description sources