Species details

Red cage fungus

Clathrus ruber

Inedible
Red cage fungus – Clathrus ruber

Photo: Amadej Trnkoczy · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Photo source · License

Description

An unusual red to orange fungus forming a hollow lattice cage with a strong unpleasant smell.

Identification features

It develops from a white egg-like structure; dark slimy gleba on the inner cage attracts insects.

Identification checklist

Check the entire fruitbody for identification. An unusual red to orange fungus forming a hollow lattice cage with a strong unpleasant smell. It develops from a white egg-like structure; dark slimy gleba on the inner cage attracts insects. Typical habitat: Warm gardens, parks, compost, mulch and Mediterranean areas; increasingly found farther north.

Detailed features

Cap
After the white egg-like volva splits, a 5–12 cm wide hollow spherical lattice develops, vivid pink-red to red.
Hymenophore
Olive-black slimy gleba coats the inner surface of the red lattice and smells strongly.
Stem
No true stem; the lattice stands on remnants of the egg-like volva.
Flesh
Soft and spongy, initially pale, later reddish to darker.
Smell
Very strong carrion smell.
Spore print
Olive-brown.

Habitat

Warm gardens, parks, compost, mulch and Mediterranean areas; increasingly found farther north.

Fruiting period

May, June, July, August, September, October, November

Ecology

Trophic mode
Saprotrophic
Substrate
Soil, Forest soil
Soil
Moist
Notes
Grows on moist, organic-rich soil, especially in warmer areas, gardens and broadleaved habitats.

How to separate similar species

Compare especially with these similar species: Phallus impudicus, Clathrus archeri. Check the combination of cap shape and colour, spore-bearing surface, stem, flesh changes and habitat. A single feature or photograph is not enough; if the key characters do not match the description, do not treat the identification as confirmed.

Similar species

  • Clathrus archeri

    Devil’s fingers develops several separate red arms rather than a closed spherical lattice.

  • Common stinkhorn (Phallus impudicus)

    Common stinkhorn has a long white spongy stem with a pitted head, not a red lattice.

Conservation

Protected species
Yes
Red list
R – rare species
Notes
The species is legally protected in Slovenia under the regulation on protected wild fungi. On the Slovenian Red List: R – rare species.

Interesting facts

Did you know? Like other stinkhorns, it uses strong odour to attract insects that disperse the sticky spores.

Extended-description sources